By SACHIN SISODIYA
October 5, 2017
“In the space, there are giant clouds of alcohol, whose size exceeds the diameter of our solar system.”
- Star within a Star (Thorne-Zytkow Object) : TZO were a theoretical star proposed by astrophysicist Kip Thorne and Anna Zytkow till a recent discovery proved that they actually exists.
It may sound strange but these single star consists of a neutron star in its core while a gaseous red giant or super giant star surround it. They aren’t visually distinguishable in the form of a neutron star(like the illustration shown) revolving inside a giant star instead they are observed by their distinct chemical signatures produced by the unique activity in their stellar core. TZO’s are supposed to be formed when a system of two binary stars interact, a red super giant and a neutron star which itself formed during the supernova explosion. The mass loss of neutron star before supernova event make them vulnerable to the massive gas giants, which engulfs them. Almost after a few hundred years, when the neutron star finally enters the super giants, their core start colliding and if their combined mass is greater than Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit then they merge and forges a single black hole otherwise they fuse to form a jumbo neutron star. The following image shows how this star within a star thing starts. The blue light radiating object is the neutron star and the other not to be mentioned its massive hunter red super-giant star.
2. White Holes : White holes are exactly theoretical black holes in reverse.
White holes are just like black holes except the fact that black holes sucks particles and light from outer universe and while white holes extracts those particles and light into space. The concept of white holes are hypothesised and still not verified yet! The thing is, if a supermassive black hole suck all of the matter from the universe then there should be also a white hole which ejects those material into universe. The very famous Big Bang which kickstarted the expansion of our universe and lead to creation of all different type of mysterious objects in universe is also thought to be a white hole. A white hole is a particular kind of singularity: a naked singularity(singularity which doesn’t have a event horizon).
Singularities like black holes cannot be directly observed, because the escape velocity is far greater than the speed of light, so nothing can escape from it so the white holes either can’t be directly observed.
The singularity of black holes are “protected” by an event horizon, the surface that separates us from the black hole. In the case of white hole, there isn’t even a event horizon . The white hole is only a unproved hypothesized reverse of black holes which can balance the effect of black holes. Maybe scientist and researchers hasn’t proved their existence because of the fact nothing can escape from white hole just like the black holes and they can only observe their effect. The discovery of white holes will supposedly lead to the way of time travel.
3. Space Booze : In the space, there are giant clouds of alcohol, whose size exceeds the diameter of our solar system.
The size comparision of the booze cloud to our solar system is such that they are almost 1000x times larger than our solar system. It has enough beer to let every human on earth drink 300,000 pint of beer for almost a billion years. Sadly, they are quadrillion miles away. Ex :- constellation Aquila, Sagittarius B2…
4. Diamond Planets : If there is anything in space which women are going love then it will definitely be Diamond planets.
Space researches have confirmed that, there are some planets in our universe made of pure diamonds. They are also called carbon planets because of the fact their surface is covered with diamond and carbon both of which are allotropes of carbon, instead of rock and water. These planets have superhigh speed of rotation or orbit. It takes 17 hours for them to complete one full revolution of their parent star.
5. Vampire Black holes : The biggest star of the universe just got too close to a black hole, so as per expectation the black hole got angry.
It started to swallow the star slowly and plans for killing it, while taking his time. Slow and painful death. It is early established that every galaxy has one supermassive black hole in its center, but the phenomenon of a black hole consuming a star is something unpredicted and villainous.
6. Burning Ice Planet : There is an exoplanet with a mass and radius close to that of Neptune which is entirely covered in the layer of burning ice.
It has been hypothesized that the state of water on this planet is Ice VII, a cubic, crystalline form or ice that has been manufactured in laboratories. So, just as carbon turns to diamond when exposed to massive amounts of temperature and pressure, the water on this planet turns to “burning ice”, consequently becoming one of the most fascinating heavenly bodies humanity is cognizant of. Ex : – Gliese 581b
7. Dark Matter and Dark Energy[1] : The universe is composed of 70% dark matter and dark energy.
It doesn’t interact with baryonic matter and it’s completely invisible to light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation, making dark matter impossible to detect with current instruments. The standard model of cosmology indicates that the total mass–energy of the universe contains 4.9% ordinary matter, 26.8% dark matter and 68.3% dark energy. The candy in the jar show the percentage of dark matter and dark energy to usual matter.
8. A year on Venus is shorter than its day : Venus is the slowest rotating planet in our Solar System, so slow it takes longer to fully rotate than it does to complete its orbit.
This means Venus has days that last longer than its years. It’s also home to one of the most inhospitable environments imaginable, with constant electronic storms, high CO2 readings, and it’s shrouded by clouds of sulfuric acid.
9. Neutron Stars : Neutron stars are the smallest and densest stars known to exist.
The fastest neutron stars can spin as fast as 43,000 times per minutes with a linear speed of up to 0.23c (speed of light). Neutron stars pack their mass inside a 20-kilometer (12.4 miles) diameter. They are so dense that a single teaspoon would weigh a billion tons. The gravity of a usual neutron star is 2 billion times stronger than the gravity of Earth.
10. The Brightest Star : The brightest star in the whole observed universe is R136a1.
It’s 315 times more massive than our sun ☉ —nearly twice as massive as what astronomers thought was possible. It’s the most massive star known at this time. It’s only 315 times the sun’s mass, but has a radius more than 30 R☉. Its surface temperature is over 100,000 degrees F. It’s the most luminous star known at more than 7 million times the luminosity of our sun.
11. Gamma Ray Bursts : Imagine if you could gather the energy from every star within a hundred million light years. From thousands of galaxies, each with billions of stars.
Now make a gun from this type of power. This is the devastating GRBs. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. The GRB contains that type of energy which could destroy our whole human population. A single gamma ray photon, is more energetic than a million visible photons combined. Their high energy makes gamma rays a form of ionizing radiation which means they could break atomic bonds which holds matter together.
12. Quasar : Quasars are by far the brightest objects in the universe. They are distant objects powered by black holes a billion times as massive as our sun. The quasar comes out from the heart of a supermassive black hole which is surrounded by accretion disc and resides in the center of the galaxy.
They are powered by the accretion disc of the black holes which contains dust and gas from nearby sources. The largest known quasar is estimated to consume matter equivalent to 600 Earth per minute. Quasars inhabit the very center of active, young galaxies, and are among the most luminous, powerful, and energetic objects known in the universe, emitting up to a thousand times the energy output of the Milky Way, which contains 200–400 billion stars. The brightest quasar in the sky is 3C 273 in the constellation of Virgo.
Now there should be at least one fun fact.
